The Watermaster's main responsibilities are to monitor and verify water use, collect assessments, conduct studies and prepare an annual report of its findings and activities to the Court as outlined in the Judgment. Additionally, the Watermaster acts as the clearinghouse for recording water transfers and reports changes in ownership of Base Annual Production rights to the Court.

Performance of Watermaster duties requires the MWA to segregate and separately exercise its powers delegated by the Court under the Judgment from its statutory powers as MWA.